How to Prevent Fatty Liver Disease If You Have PCOS

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or NAFLD), commonly referred to as fatty liver, is highly prevalent in women with PCOS, affecting 15 percent to 77 percent of women depending on the diagnostic criteria used. MASLD occurs as a result of excess triglycerides (fat) stored in the liver, which causes damage and inflammation. The liver isn’t meant to store fat; its role is to serve as the detox organ for the body filtering out harmful substances. Having fatty liver or MASLD increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. If not treated, MASLD can progress to more advanced stages of liver damage.

Factors contributing to fatty liver disease in PCOS women include the following:

• Excess abdominal weight
• High triglycerides
• High LDL cholesterol level
• Low HDL cholesterol level
• High consumption of fat, sugar, and refined foods
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Genetics

Preliminary evidence suggests that high levels of androgens may also contribute to fat storage in the liver. While fatty liver disease is serious, it can easily be reversed and prevented with diet and lifestyle changes.

Here are four ways to prevent fatty liver disease if you have PCOS.

Change Your Diet

Fat, sugar, and excessive intake of processed foods are the main nutrition contributors to fatty liver disease. Consumption of trans fats, fats typically found in processed and fast food, is linked to insulin resistance, inflammation, and increased triglycerides. Likewise, high consumption of fructose, a sweetener found in corn syrup, juice, and other flavored beverages, is associated with fatty liver disease. Fructose is also linked to worsening insulin resistance and inflammation. A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that increased soft drink intake led to individuals having significantly more liver and visceral fat, the fat that surrounds internal organs and is linked with chronic diseases.

Keeping trans fats, sugar, and processed foods out of your diet will improve the condition of your liver. You can also boost your liver’s health by eating a healthy diet rich in whole grains, lean proteins, beans and legumes, fish, and plenty of fruits and vegetables. Following a Mediterranean-style diet that is rich in olive oil and other monounsaturated fats may also be beneficial to improve insulin, fight inflammation, and reduce liver fat.

Lose Weight

Weight loss is effective at improving fatty liver disease as it can improve insulin resistance, triglycerides, and visceral fat. One study showed that people who lost 5 percent of their total body weight saw significant improvements in insulin sensitivity and liver fat loss. A woman who weighs 200 pounds, for example, can expect to see a big improvement in the health of her liver if she loses 10 pounds.

Get Moving

A sedentary lifestyle is one of the contributing factors to MASLD. Engaging in regular physical activity consisting of aerobic and resistance training can decrease fatty liver even without weight loss. Participants who engaged in 30 to 60 minutes of exercise two to three times each week saw significant reductions in liver fat. To make physical exercise a regular routine, prioritize it by scheduling it in your calendar. Performing activities that are fun and enjoyable to do will also help increase your commitment.

Take Fish Oil

Omega-3 fatty acids like the ones found in cold water fish such as salmon, tuna, and trout are effective at reducing triglycerides, inflammation, and insulin in women with PCOS. However, a fish oil supplement is probably needed since it’s quite a challenge to eat enough fish to meet therapeutic amounts of omega-3 fats. A study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism showed that women with PCOS who supplemented their diets with 4 grams of fish oil for eight weeks saw a significant decrease in liver fat and triglycerides.